Configure static IP address on Raspberry Pi 4 device.
IP address on Raspberry Pi 4 device is controlled by a DHCP client service.
$ sudo systemctl status dhcpcd.service
* dhcpcd.service - DHCP Client Daemon
Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/dhcpcd.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
Drop-In: /etc/systemd/system/dhcpcd.service.d
`-wait.conf
Active: active (running) since Sun 2022-04-24 21:29:06 CEST; 1min 2s ago
Docs: man:dhcpcd(8)
Process: 434 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/dhcpcd -w -q (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Tasks: 2 (limit: 8986)
CPU: 427ms
CGroup: /system.slice/dhcpcd.service
|-542 wpa_supplicant -B -c/etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf -iwlan0
`-704 /usr/sbin/dhcpcd -w -q
Apr 24 21:29:04 raspberrypi dhcpcd[434]: eth0: probing for an IPv4LL address
Apr 24 21:29:06 raspberrypi dhcpcd[434]: wlan0: leased 192.168.8.159 for 604800 seconds
Apr 24 21:29:06 raspberrypi dhcpcd[434]: wlan0: adding route to 192.168.8.0/24
Apr 24 21:29:06 raspberrypi dhcpcd[434]: wlan0: adding default route via 192.168.8.1
Apr 24 21:29:06 raspberrypi dhcpcd[434]: forked to background, child pid 704
Apr 24 21:29:06 raspberrypi systemd[1]: Started DHCP Client Daemon.
Apr 24 21:29:43 raspberrypi dhcpcd[704]: eth0: using IPv4LL address 169.254.26.43
Apr 24 21:29:43 raspberrypi dhcpcd[704]: eth0: adding route to 169.254.0.0/16
Apr 24 21:29:46 raspberrypi dhcpcd[704]: eth0: no IPv6 Routers available
Apr 24 21:29:47 raspberrypi dhcpcd[704]: wlan0: no IPv6 Routers available
By default it is using dynamic IP addresses.
$ cat /root/dhcpcd.conf
# A sample configuration for dhcpcd. # See dhcpcd.conf(5) for details. # Allow users of this group to interact with dhcpcd via the control socket. #controlgroup wheel # Inform the DHCP server of our hostname for DDNS. hostname # Use the hardware address of the interface for the Client ID. clientid # or # Use the same DUID + IAID as set in DHCPv6 for DHCPv4 ClientID as per RFC4361. # Some non-RFC compliant DHCP servers do not reply with this set. # In this case, comment out duid and enable clientid above. #duid # Persist interface configuration when dhcpcd exits. persistent # Rapid commit support. # Safe to enable by default because it requires the equivalent option set # on the server to actually work. option rapid_commit # A list of options to request from the DHCP server. option domain_name_servers, domain_name, domain_search, host_name option classless_static_routes # Respect the network MTU. This is applied to DHCP routes. option interface_mtu # Most distributions have NTP support. #option ntp_servers # A ServerID is required by RFC2131. require dhcp_server_identifier # Generate SLAAC address using the Hardware Address of the interface #slaac hwaddr # OR generate Stable Private IPv6 Addresses based from the DUID slaac private # Example static IP configuration: #interface eth0 #static ip_address=192.168.0.10/24 #static ip6_address=fd51:42f8:caae:d92e::ff/64 #static routers=192.168.0.1 #static domain_name_servers=192.168.0.1 8.8.8.8 fd51:42f8:caae:d92e::1 # It is possible to fall back to a static IP if DHCP fails: # define static profile #profile static_eth0 #static ip_address=192.168.1.23/24 #static routers=192.168.1.1 #static domain_name_servers=192.168.1.1 # fallback to static profile on eth0 #interface eth0 #fallback static_eth0
Configure Ethernet device with a fallback IP address
Update configuration to define fallback profile.
$ cat /etc/dhcpcd.conf
# A sample configuration for dhcpcd. # See dhcpcd.conf(5) for details. # Allow users of this group to interact with dhcpcd via the control socket. #controlgroup wheel # Inform the DHCP server of our hostname for DDNS. hostname # Use the hardware address of the interface for the Client ID. clientid # or # Use the same DUID + IAID as set in DHCPv6 for DHCPv4 ClientID as per RFC4361. # Some non-RFC compliant DHCP servers do not reply with this set. # In this case, comment out duid and enable clientid above. #duid # Persist interface configuration when dhcpcd exits. persistent # Rapid commit support. # Safe to enable by default because it requires the equivalent option set # on the server to actually work. option rapid_commit # A list of options to request from the DHCP server. option domain_name_servers, domain_name, domain_search, host_name option classless_static_routes # Respect the network MTU. This is applied to DHCP routes. option interface_mtu # Most distributions have NTP support. #option ntp_servers # A ServerID is required by RFC2131. require dhcp_server_identifier # Generate SLAAC address using the Hardware Address of the interface #slaac hwaddr # OR generate Stable Private IPv6 Addresses based from the DUID slaac private # Example static IP configuration: #interface eth0 #static ip_address=192.168.0.10/24 #static ip6_address=fd51:42f8:caae:d92e::ff/64 #static routers=192.168.0.1 #static domain_name_servers=192.168.0.1 8.8.8.8 fd51:42f8:caae:d92e::1 # It is possible to fall back to a static IP if DHCP fails: # define static profile profile static_eth0 static ip_address=172.16.0.110/24 static routers=172.16.0.1 static domain_name_servers=172.16.2.2 # fallback to static profile on eth0 interface eth0 fallback static_eth0
Restart service or a whole device to apply changes.
$ sudo systemctl restart dhcpcd.service
Inspect service logs.
$ sudo journalctl --boot --unit dhcpcd
-- Journal begins at Mon 2022-04-04 16:41:41 CEST, ends at Sun 2022-04-24 19:05:43 CEST. -- Apr 24 18:58:17 raspberrypi systemd[1]: Starting DHCP Client Daemon... Apr 24 18:58:17 raspberrypi dhcpcd[409]: dev: loaded udev Apr 24 18:58:17 raspberrypi dhcpcd[492]: wlan0: starting wpa_supplicant Apr 24 18:58:17 raspberrypi dhcpcd[409]: wlan0: connected to Access Point `' Apr 24 18:58:17 raspberrypi dhcpcd[409]: eth0: waiting for carrier Apr 24 18:58:17 raspberrypi dhcpcd[409]: dhcpcd_prestartinterface: wlan0: Operation not possible due to RF-kill Apr 24 18:58:17 raspberrypi dhcpcd[409]: dhcpcd_prestartinterface: wlan0: Operation not possible due to RF-kill Apr 24 18:58:17 raspberrypi dhcpcd[409]: wlan0: waiting for carrier Apr 24 18:58:21 raspberrypi dhcpcd[409]: eth0: carrier acquired Apr 24 18:58:21 raspberrypi dhcpcd[409]: DUID 00:01:00:01:29:dd:c0:3d:e4:5f:01:42:3a:49 Apr 24 18:58:21 raspberrypi dhcpcd[409]: eth0: IAID 01:42:3a:49 Apr 24 18:58:21 raspberrypi dhcpcd[409]: eth0: adding address fe80::14b8:2700:4354:ec24 Apr 24 18:58:22 raspberrypi dhcpcd[409]: eth0: soliciting an IPv6 router Apr 24 18:58:22 raspberrypi dhcpcd[409]: eth0: soliciting a DHCP lease Apr 24 18:58:27 raspberrypi dhcpcd[409]: eth0: selected profile static_eth0 Apr 24 18:58:27 raspberrypi dhcpcd[409]: eth0: IAID 01:42:3a:49 Apr 24 18:58:27 raspberrypi dhcpcd[409]: eth0: probing address 172.16.0.110/16 Apr 24 18:58:28 raspberrypi dhcpcd[409]: eth0: soliciting an IPv6 router Apr 24 18:58:33 raspberrypi dhcpcd[409]: eth0: using static address 172.16.0.110/16 Apr 24 18:58:33 raspberrypi dhcpcd[409]: eth0: adding route to 172.16.0.0/16 Apr 24 18:58:33 raspberrypi dhcpcd[409]: eth0: adding default route via 172.16.0.1 Apr 24 18:58:33 raspberrypi dhcpcd[409]: forked to background, child pid 623 Apr 24 18:58:33 raspberrypi systemd[1]: Started DHCP Client Daemon. Apr 24 18:58:40 raspberrypi dhcpcd[623]: eth0: no IPv6 Routers available
Inspect IP address.
$ ip -br a
lo UNKNOWN 127.0.0.1/8 ::1/128 eth0 UP 172.16.0.110/16 fe80::14b8:2700:4354:ec24/64 wlan0 DOWN
Configure Ethernet device with a static IP address
Update configuration to define static IP address.
$ cat /etc/dhcpcd.conf
# A sample configuration for dhcpcd. # See dhcpcd.conf(5) for details. # Generate SLAAC address using the Hardware Address of the interface #slaac hwaddr # OR generate Stable Private IPv6 Addresses based from the DUID slaac private # Static IP configuration interface eth0 static ip_address=172.16.0.111/16 static routers=172.16.0.1 static domain_name_servers=172.16.2.2
Restart service or a whole device to apply changes.
$ sudo systemctl restart dhcpcd.service
Inspect service logs.
$ sudo journalctl --boot --unit dhcpcd
-- Journal begins at Mon 2022-04-04 16:41:41 CEST, ends at Sun 2022-04-24 19:23:51 CEST. -- Apr 24 19:18:59 raspberrypi systemd[1]: Starting DHCP Client Daemon... Apr 24 19:18:59 raspberrypi dhcpcd[408]: dev: loaded udev Apr 24 19:19:00 raspberrypi dhcpcd[498]: wlan0: starting wpa_supplicant Apr 24 19:19:00 raspberrypi dhcpcd[408]: wlan0: connected to Access Point `' Apr 24 19:19:00 raspberrypi dhcpcd[408]: eth0: waiting for carrier Apr 24 19:19:00 raspberrypi dhcpcd[408]: dhcpcd_prestartinterface: wlan0: Operation not possible due to RF-kill Apr 24 19:19:00 raspberrypi dhcpcd[408]: dhcpcd_prestartinterface: wlan0: Operation not possible due to RF-kill Apr 24 19:19:00 raspberrypi dhcpcd[408]: wlan0: waiting for carrier Apr 24 19:19:04 raspberrypi dhcpcd[408]: eth0: carrier acquired Apr 24 19:19:04 raspberrypi dhcpcd[408]: DUID 00:01:00:01:29:dd:c0:3d:e4:5f:01:42:3a:49 Apr 24 19:19:04 raspberrypi dhcpcd[408]: eth0: IAID 01:42:3a:49 Apr 24 19:19:04 raspberrypi dhcpcd[408]: eth0: adding address fe80::14b8:2700:4354:ec24 Apr 24 19:19:04 raspberrypi dhcpcd[408]: eth0: probing address 172.16.0.111/16 Apr 24 19:19:05 raspberrypi dhcpcd[408]: eth0: soliciting an IPv6 router Apr 24 19:19:09 raspberrypi dhcpcd[408]: eth0: using static address 172.16.0.111/16 Apr 24 19:19:09 raspberrypi dhcpcd[408]: eth0: adding route to 172.16.0.0/16 Apr 24 19:19:09 raspberrypi dhcpcd[408]: eth0: adding default route via 172.16.0.1 Apr 24 19:19:09 raspberrypi dhcpcd[408]: forked to background, child pid 623 Apr 24 19:19:09 raspberrypi systemd[1]: Started DHCP Client Daemon. Apr 24 19:19:18 raspberrypi dhcpcd[623]: eth0: no IPv6 Routers available
Inspect IP address.
$ ip -br a
lo UNKNOWN 127.0.0.1/8 ::1/128 eth0 UP 172.16.0.111/16 fe80::14b8:2700:4354:ec24/64 wlan0 DOWN
Configure wireless device with a static IP address
Ensure that regulatory country code is defined.
$ cat /etc/default/crda
# Set REGDOMAIN to a ISO/IEC 3166-1 alpha2 country code so that iw(8) may set # the initial regulatory domain setting for IEEE 802.11 devices which operate # on this system. # # Governments assert the right to regulate usage of radio spectrum within # their respective territories so make sure you select a ISO/IEC 3166-1 alpha2 # country code suitable for your location or you may infringe on local # legislature. See `/usr/share/zoneinfo/zone.tab' for a table of timezone # descriptions containing ISO/IEC 3166-1 alpha2 country codes. REGDOMAIN=PL
Pre-compute PSK entry for network configuration block.
$ wpa_passphrase laboratory.network laboratory.password
network={
ssid="laboratory.network"
#psk="laboratory.password"
psk=04496c4d0baf75e7dab58f4497ef956a89a1d80ca802658dfaeb2e18eadc6354
}
Update configuration for Wi-Fi Protected Access client and IEEE 802.1X supplicant.
$ cat /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf
ctrl_interface=DIR=/var/run/wpa_supplicant GROUP=netdev
update_config=1
network={
ssid="laboratory.network"
psk=04496c4d0baf75e7dab58f4497ef956a89a1d80ca802658dfaeb2e18eadc6354
}
Wireless device is disabled by default.
$ rfkill list
0: phy0: Wireless LAN Soft blocked: yes Hard blocked: no 1: hci0: Bluetooth Soft blocked: no Hard blocked: no
Enable wireless device.
$ rfkill unblock 0
Ensure that wireless device is enabled.
$ rfkill list
0: phy0: Wireless LAN Soft blocked: no Hard blocked: no 1: hci0: Bluetooth Soft blocked: no Hard blocked: no
Update configuration to define static addresses.
$ cat /etc/dhcpcd.conf
# A sample configuration for dhcpcd. # See dhcpcd.conf(5) for details. # Generate SLAAC address using the Hardware Address of the interface #slaac hwaddr # OR generate Stable Private IPv6 Addresses based from the DUID slaac private # Example static IP configuration: interface eth0 static ip_address=172.16.0.111/16 static routers=172.16.0.1 static domain_name_servers=172.16.2.2 interface wlan0 static ip_address=192.168.8.112/24 #static routers=192.168.8.1 #static domain_name_servers=192.168.8.1
Restart service or a whole device to apply changes.
$ sudo systemctl restart dhcpcd.service
Restart Wi-Fi Protected Access client and IEEE 802.1X supplicant.
$ systemctl restart wpa_supplicant.service
Inspect service logs.
$ sudo journalctl --boot --unit dhcpcd
-- Journal begins at Mon 2022-04-04 16:41:41 CEST, ends at Sun 2022-04-24 20:53:17 CEST. -- Apr 24 20:51:57 raspberrypi systemd[1]: Starting DHCP Client Daemon... Apr 24 20:51:57 raspberrypi dhcpcd[391]: dev: loaded udev Apr 24 20:51:57 raspberrypi dhcpcd[471]: wlan0: starting wpa_supplicant Apr 24 20:51:57 raspberrypi dhcpcd[391]: wlan0: connected to Access Point `' Apr 24 20:51:57 raspberrypi dhcpcd[391]: eth0: waiting for carrier Apr 24 20:51:57 raspberrypi dhcpcd[391]: wlan0: waiting for carrier Apr 24 20:52:01 raspberrypi dhcpcd[391]: eth0: carrier acquired Apr 24 20:52:01 raspberrypi dhcpcd[391]: DUID 00:01:00:01:29:dd:c0:3d:e4:5f:01:42:3a:49 Apr 24 20:52:01 raspberrypi dhcpcd[391]: eth0: IAID 01:42:3a:49 Apr 24 20:52:01 raspberrypi dhcpcd[391]: eth0: adding address fe80::14b8:2700:4354:ec24 Apr 24 20:52:01 raspberrypi dhcpcd[391]: eth0: probing address 172.16.0.111/16 Apr 24 20:52:02 raspberrypi dhcpcd[391]: wlan0: carrier acquired Apr 24 20:52:02 raspberrypi dhcpcd[391]: wlan0: connected to Access Point `laboratory.network' Apr 24 20:52:02 raspberrypi dhcpcd[391]: wlan0: IAID 01:42:3a:4a Apr 24 20:52:02 raspberrypi dhcpcd[391]: wlan0: adding address fe80::138b:f3bb:2de6:b1 Apr 24 20:52:02 raspberrypi dhcpcd[391]: wlan0: probing address 192.168.8.112/24 Apr 24 20:52:02 raspberrypi dhcpcd[391]: eth0: soliciting an IPv6 router Apr 24 20:52:03 raspberrypi dhcpcd[391]: wlan0: soliciting an IPv6 router Apr 24 20:52:07 raspberrypi dhcpcd[391]: eth0: using static address 172.16.0.111/16 Apr 24 20:52:07 raspberrypi dhcpcd[391]: eth0: adding route to 172.16.0.0/16 Apr 24 20:52:07 raspberrypi dhcpcd[391]: eth0: adding default route via 172.16.0.1 Apr 24 20:52:07 raspberrypi dhcpcd[391]: forked to background, child pid 619 Apr 24 20:52:07 raspberrypi systemd[1]: Started DHCP Client Daemon. Apr 24 20:52:07 raspberrypi dhcpcd[619]: wlan0: using static address 192.168.8.112/24 Apr 24 20:52:07 raspberrypi dhcpcd[619]: wlan0: adding route to 192.168.8.0/24 Apr 24 20:52:15 raspberrypi dhcpcd[619]: eth0: no IPv6 Routers available Apr 24 20:52:16 raspberrypi dhcpcd[619]: wlan0: no IPv6 Routers available
Inspect IP address.
$ ip -br a
lo UNKNOWN 127.0.0.1/8 ::1/128 eth0 UP 172.16.0.111/16 fe80::14b8:2700:4354:ec24/64 wlan0 UP 192.168.8.112/24 fe80::138b:f3bb:2de6:b1/64