Perform basic operations on zip archives.
Inspect zip utility.
$ apt info zip
Package: zip Version: 3.0-12 Priority: optional Section: utils Maintainer: Santiago Vila <sanvila@debian.org> Installed-Size: 638 kB Depends: libbz2-1.0, libc6 (>= 2.14) Recommends: unzip Homepage: http://www.info-zip.org/Zip.html Tag: implemented-in::c, interface::commandline, role::program, scope::utility, use::compressing, use::storing, works-with-format::zip, works-with::archive Download-Size: 232 kB APT-Sources: http://deb.debian.org/debian bullseye/main amd64 Packages Description: Archiver for .zip files This is InfoZIP's zip program. It produces files that are fully compatible with the popular PKZIP program; however, the command line options are not identical. In other words, the end result is the same, but the methods differ. :-) . This version supports encryption.
Inspect unzip utility.
$ apt info unzip
Package: unzip Version: 6.0-26 Priority: optional Section: utils Maintainer: Santiago Vila <sanvila@debian.org> Installed-Size: 394 kB Depends: libbz2-1.0, libc6 (>= 2.14) Suggests: zip Homepage: http://www.info-zip.org/UnZip.html Tag: implemented-in::c, interface::commandline, role::program, scope::utility, use::checking, use::compressing, works-with-format::zip, works-with::archive Download-Size: 171 kB APT-Manual-Installed: no APT-Sources: http://deb.debian.org/debian bullseye/main amd64 Packages Description: De-archiver for .zip files InfoZIP's unzip program. With the exception of multi-volume archives (ie, .ZIP files that are split across several disks using PKZIP's /& option), this can handle any file produced either by PKZIP, or the corresponding InfoZIP zip program. . This version supports encryption.
Install zip utility. The unzip package will be installed alongside.
$ sudo apt install zip
Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree... Done Reading state information... Done The following additional packages will be installed: unzip The following NEW packages will be installed: unzip zip 0 upgraded, 2 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded. Need to get 403 kB of archives. After this operation, 1032 kB of additional disk space will be used. Do you want to continue? [Y/n] Get:1 http://deb.debian.org/debian bullseye/main amd64 unzip amd64 6.0-26 [171 kB] Get:2 http://deb.debian.org/debian bullseye/main amd64 zip amd64 3.0-12 [232 kB] Fetched 403 kB in 0s (1231 kB/s) Selecting previously unselected package unzip. (Reading database ... 55193 files and directories currently installed.) Preparing to unpack .../unzip_6.0-26_amd64.deb ... Unpacking unzip (6.0-26) ... Selecting previously unselected package zip. Preparing to unpack .../archives/zip_3.0-12_amd64.deb ... Unpacking zip (3.0-12) ... Setting up unzip (6.0-26) ... Setting up zip (3.0-12) ... Processing triggers for man-db (2.9.4-2) ... Processing triggers for mailcap (3.69) ...
zip
Display help information on zip.
$ zip --help
Copyright (c) 1990-2008 Info-ZIP - Type 'zip "-L"' for software license. Zip 3.0 (July 5th 2008). Usage: zip [-options] [-b path] [-t mmddyyyy] [-n suffixes] [zipfile list] [-xi list] The default action is to add or replace zipfile entries from list, which can include the special name - to compress standard input. If zipfile and list are omitted, zip compresses stdin to stdout. -f freshen: only changed files -u update: only changed or new files -d delete entries in zipfile -m move into zipfile (delete OS files) -r recurse into directories -j junk (don't record) directory names -0 store only -l convert LF to CR LF (-ll CR LF to LF) -1 compress faster -9 compress better -q quiet operation -v verbose operation/print version info -c add one-line comments -z add zipfile comment -@ read names from stdin -o make zipfile as old as latest entry -x exclude the following names -i include only the following names -F fix zipfile (-FF try harder) -D do not add directory entries -A adjust self-extracting exe -J junk zipfile prefix (unzipsfx) -T test zipfile integrity -X eXclude eXtra file attributes -y store symbolic links as the link instead of the referenced file -e encrypt -n don't compress these suffixes -h2 show more help
Add files to an archive.
$ zip archive.zip /etc/fstab /etc/hostname /etc/os-release
adding: etc/fstab (deflated 20%) adding: etc/hostname (stored 0%) adding: etc/os-release (deflated 43%)
Add directory to an archive.
$ zip archive.zip -r /etc/dpkg
adding: etc/dpkg/ (stored 0%) adding: etc/dpkg/dpkg.cfg (deflated 38%) adding: etc/dpkg/shlibs.override (deflated 31%) adding: etc/dpkg/dpkg.cfg.d/ (stored 0%) adding: etc/dpkg/shlibs.default (deflated 32%) adding: etc/dpkg/origins/ (stored 0%) adding: etc/dpkg/origins/default (deflated 23%) adding: etc/dpkg/origins/debian (deflated 23%)
Add a specific file list to an archive.
$ find /etc/apt -name "*.gpg" -print
/etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/debian-archive-bullseye-security-automatic.gpg /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/debian-archive-stretch-security-automatic.gpg /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/debian-archive-bullseye-stable.gpg /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/debian-archive-stretch-stable.gpg /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/debian-archive-buster-security-automatic.gpg /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/debian-archive-buster-automatic.gpg /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/debian-archive-stretch-automatic.gpg /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/debian-archive-buster-stable.gpg /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/debian-archive-bullseye-automatic.gpg
$ find /etc/apt -name "*.gpg" -print | zip debian.gpg.zip -@
adding: etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/debian-archive-bullseye-security-automatic.gpg (deflated 4%) adding: etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/debian-archive-stretch-security-automatic.gpg (deflated 3%) adding: etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/debian-archive-bullseye-stable.gpg (deflated 0%) adding: etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/debian-archive-stretch-stable.gpg (stored 0%) adding: etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/debian-archive-buster-security-automatic.gpg (deflated 4%) adding: etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/debian-archive-buster-automatic.gpg (deflated 4%) adding: etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/debian-archive-stretch-automatic.gpg (deflated 3%) adding: etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/debian-archive-buster-stable.gpg (stored 0%) adding: etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/debian-archive-bullseye-automatic.gpg (deflated 4%)
Add an encrypted file.
$ zip -e encrypted.zip /etc/ssh/sshd_config
Enter password: Verify password: adding: etc/ssh/sshd_config (deflated 55%)
Delete files from an archive.
$ zip -d debian.gpg.zip etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/debian-archive-stretch-*
deleting: etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/debian-archive-stretch-security-automatic.gpg deleting: etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/debian-archive-stretch-stable.gpg deleting: etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/debian-archive-stretch-automatic.gpg
Add a comment to an archive.
$ zip -z encrypted.zip
enter new zip file comment (end with .): OpenSSH configuration .
zipcloak
Display help information on zipcloak.
$ zipcloak --help
ZipCloak 3.0 (July 5th 2008) Usage: zipcloak [-dq] [-b path] zipfile the default action is to encrypt all unencrypted entries in the zip file -d --decrypt decrypt encrypted entries (copy if given wrong password) -b --temp-path use "path" for the temporary zip file -O --output-file write output to new zip file -q --quiet quiet operation, suppress some informational messages -h --help show this help -v --version show version info -L --license show software license
Use this utility to encrypt the whole archive.
$ zipcloak debian.gpg.zip --temp-path /tmp
Enter password: ********* Verify password: ********* encrypting: etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/debian-archive-bullseye-security-automatic.gpg encrypting: etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/debian-archive-bullseye-stable.gpg encrypting: etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/debian-archive-buster-security-automatic.gpg encrypting: etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/debian-archive-buster-automatic.gpg encrypting: etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/debian-archive-buster-stable.gpg encrypting: etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/debian-archive-bullseye-automatic.gpg
unzip
Display help information on unzip.
$ unzip --help
UnZip 6.00 of 20 April 2009, by Debian. Original by Info-ZIP.
Usage: unzip [-Z] [-opts[modifiers]] file[.zip] [list] [-x xlist] [-d exdir]
Default action is to extract files in list, except those in xlist, to exdir;
file[.zip] may be a wildcard. -Z => ZipInfo mode ("unzip -Z" for usage).
-p extract files to pipe, no messages -l list files (short format)
-f freshen existing files, create none -t test compressed archive data
-u update files, create if necessary -z display archive comment only
-v list verbosely/show version info -T timestamp archive to latest
-x exclude files that follow (in xlist) -d extract files into exdir
modifiers:
-n never overwrite existing files -q quiet mode (-qq => quieter)
-o overwrite files WITHOUT prompting -a auto-convert any text files
-j junk paths (do not make directories) -aa treat ALL files as text
-U use escapes for all non-ASCII Unicode -UU ignore any Unicode fields
-C match filenames case-insensitively -L make (some) names lowercase
-X restore UID/GID info -V retain VMS version numbers
-K keep setuid/setgid/tacky permissions -M pipe through "more" pager
See "unzip -hh" or unzip.txt for more help. Examples:
unzip data1 -x joe => extract all files except joe from zipfile data1.zip
unzip -p foo | more => send contents of foo.zip via pipe into program more
unzip -fo foo ReadMe => quietly replace existing ReadMe if archive file newer
List archive contents.
$ unzip -l archive.zip
Archive: archive.zip
Length Date Time Name
--------- ---------- ----- ----
232 2021-04-09 08:54 etc/fstab
9 2021-04-09 08:55 etc/hostname
267 2021-04-10 20:15 etc/os-release
0 2021-09-01 19:06 etc/dpkg/
446 2015-12-25 03:22 etc/dpkg/dpkg.cfg
253 2021-01-30 06:07 etc/dpkg/shlibs.override
0 2021-01-09 06:11 etc/dpkg/dpkg.cfg.d/
260 2021-01-30 06:07 etc/dpkg/shlibs.default
0 2021-09-01 18:59 etc/dpkg/origins/
83 2021-04-10 20:15 etc/dpkg/origins/default
83 2021-04-10 20:15 etc/dpkg/origins/debian
--------- -------
1633 11 files
List archive contents including additional information like ratio and crc.
$ unzip -l archive.zip
Archive: archive.zip
Length Method Size Cmpr Date Time CRC-32 Name
-------- ------ ------- ---- ---------- ----- -------- ----
232 Defl:N 185 20% 2021-04-09 08:54 a112b49c etc/fstab
9 Stored 9 0% 2021-04-09 08:55 52f973c5 etc/hostname
267 Defl:N 151 43% 2021-04-10 20:15 2e1b8289 etc/os-release
0 Stored 0 0% 2021-09-01 19:06 00000000 etc/dpkg/
446 Defl:N 276 38% 2015-12-25 03:22 04283a0e etc/dpkg/dpkg.cfg
253 Defl:N 175 31% 2021-01-30 06:07 171b0eb2 etc/dpkg/shlibs.override
0 Stored 0 0% 2021-01-09 06:11 00000000 etc/dpkg/dpkg.cfg.d/
260 Defl:N 176 32% 2021-01-30 06:07 36148cc2 etc/dpkg/shlibs.default
0 Stored 0 0% 2021-09-01 18:59 00000000 etc/dpkg/origins/
83 Defl:N 64 23% 2021-04-10 20:15 b2487c27 etc/dpkg/origins/default
83 Defl:N 64 23% 2021-04-10 20:15 b2487c27 etc/dpkg/origins/debian
-------- ------- --- -------
1633 1100 33% 11 files
Test archive contents.
$ unzip -t archive.zip
Archive: archive.zip
testing: etc/fstab OK
testing: etc/hostname OK
testing: etc/os-release OK
testing: etc/dpkg/ OK
testing: etc/dpkg/dpkg.cfg OK
testing: etc/dpkg/shlibs.override OK
testing: etc/dpkg/dpkg.cfg.d/ OK
testing: etc/dpkg/shlibs.default OK
testing: etc/dpkg/origins/ OK
testing: etc/dpkg/origins/default OK
testing: etc/dpkg/origins/debian OK
No errors detected in compressed data of archive.zip.
Extract file to standard output.
$ unzip -q -c archive.zip etc/fstab
# /etc/fstab: static file system information. # # <file sys> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass> # device during installation: /dev/loop0p1 UUID=f6fba029-9da5-4010-9d3d-6e6698ed663b / ext4 rw,discard,errors=remount-ro 0 1
Extract archive to specific directory.
$ unzip archive.zip -d extracted_dir
Archive: archive.zip inflating: extracted_dir/etc/fstab extracting: extracted_dir/etc/hostname inflating: extracted_dir/etc/os-release creating: extracted_dir/etc/dpkg/ inflating: extracted_dir/etc/dpkg/dpkg.cfg inflating: extracted_dir/etc/dpkg/shlibs.override creating: extracted_dir/etc/dpkg/dpkg.cfg.d/ inflating: extracted_dir/etc/dpkg/shlibs.default creating: extracted_dir/etc/dpkg/origins/ inflating: extracted_dir/etc/dpkg/origins/default inflating: extracted_dir/etc/dpkg/origins/debian
Display archive comment.
$ unzip -z encrypted.zip
Archive: encrypted.zip OpenSSH configuration
zipinfo
Display help information on zipinfo.
$ zipinfo --help
ZipInfo 3.00 of 20 April 2009, by Greg Roelofs and the Info-ZIP group.
List name, date/time, attribute, size, compression method, etc., about files
in list (excluding those in xlist) contained in the specified .zip archive(s).
"file[.zip]" may be a wildcard name containing *, ?, [] (e.g., "[a-j]*.zip").
usage: zipinfo [-12smlvChMtTz] file[.zip] [list...] [-x xlist...]
or: unzip -Z [-12smlvChMtTz] file[.zip] [list...] [-x xlist...]
main listing-format options: -s short Unix "ls -l" format (def.)
-1 filenames ONLY, one per line -m medium Unix "ls -l" format
-2 just filenames but allow -h/-t/-z -l long Unix "ls -l" format
-v verbose, multi-page format
miscellaneous options:
-h print header line -t print totals for listed files or for all
-z print zipfile comment -T print file times in sortable decimal format
-C be case-insensitive -M page output through built-in "more"
-x exclude filenames that follow from listing
Display archive contents.
$ zipinfo archive.zip
Archive: archive.zip Zip file size: 2914 bytes, number of entries: 11 -rw-r--r-- 3.0 unx 232 tx defN 21-Apr-09 08:54 etc/fstab -rw-r--r-- 3.0 unx 9 tx stor 21-Apr-09 08:55 etc/hostname -rw-r--r-- 3.0 unx 267 tx defN 21-Apr-10 20:15 etc/os-release drwxr-xr-x 3.0 unx 0 bx stor 21-Sep-01 19:06 etc/dpkg/ -rw-r--r-- 3.0 unx 446 tx defN 15-Dec-25 03:22 etc/dpkg/dpkg.cfg -rw-r--r-- 3.0 unx 253 tx defN 21-Jan-30 06:07 etc/dpkg/shlibs.override drwxr-xr-x 3.0 unx 0 bx stor 21-Jan-09 06:11 etc/dpkg/dpkg.cfg.d/ -rw-r--r-- 3.0 unx 260 tx defN 21-Jan-30 06:07 etc/dpkg/shlibs.default drwxr-xr-x 3.0 unx 0 bx stor 21-Sep-01 18:59 etc/dpkg/origins/ -rw-r--r-- 3.0 unx 83 tx defN 21-Apr-10 20:15 etc/dpkg/origins/default -rw-r--r-- 3.0 unx 83 tx defN 21-Apr-10 20:15 etc/dpkg/origins/debian 11 files, 1633 bytes uncompressed, 1100 bytes compressed: 32.6%
Display archive contents using the long format and sortable date/times.
$ zipinfo -l -T archive.zip
Archive: archive.zip Zip file size: 2914 bytes, number of entries: 11 -rw-r--r-- 3.0 unx 232 tx 185 defN 20210409.085419 etc/fstab -rw-r--r-- 3.0 unx 9 tx 9 stor 20210409.085541 etc/hostname -rw-r--r-- 3.0 unx 267 tx 151 defN 20210410.201500 etc/os-release drwxr-xr-x 3.0 unx 0 bx 0 stor 20210901.190627 etc/dpkg/ -rw-r--r-- 3.0 unx 446 tx 276 defN 20151225.032257 etc/dpkg/dpkg.cfg -rw-r--r-- 3.0 unx 253 tx 175 defN 20210130.060717 etc/dpkg/shlibs.override drwxr-xr-x 3.0 unx 0 bx 0 stor 20210109.061157 etc/dpkg/dpkg.cfg.d/ -rw-r--r-- 3.0 unx 260 tx 176 defN 20210130.060717 etc/dpkg/shlibs.default drwxr-xr-x 3.0 unx 0 bx 0 stor 20210901.185959 etc/dpkg/origins/ -rw-r--r-- 3.0 unx 83 tx 64 defN 20210410.201500 etc/dpkg/origins/default -rw-r--r-- 3.0 unx 83 tx 64 defN 20210410.201500 etc/dpkg/origins/debian 11 files, 1633 bytes uncompressed, 1100 bytes compressed: 32.6%
Display archive summary.
$ zipinfo -t archive.zip
11 files, 1633 bytes uncompressed, 1100 bytes compressed: 32.6%
Additional notes
There are other useful utilities included in this package like zipgrep to search files in a ZIP archive for specific patterns, zipsplit to split an archive into smaller files, funzip to use it inside pipeline, and unzipsfx to play with self-extracting ZIP archives.
Do not rely on ZIP encryption, use GnuPG or other key-based encryption to encrypt your data.