Install and configure a Kafka cluster without ZooKeeper to play with it.
Update package index.
$ sudo apt update
Install uuidgen application.
$ sudo apt-get install uuid-runtime
Generate Kafka cluster ID.
$ uuidgen | tr -d '-' | base64 | cut -b 1-22 YjhlODM3ZWZhYTE5NDU5Nj
Alternatively, you can use Kafka utilities on a server with an already extracted Kafka release.
$ /opt/kafka/kafka/bin/kafka-storage.sh random-uuid 7KMXSH8STbmHbQblAFiONA
Install GNU privacy guard.
$ sudo apt -y install gpg
Install Java.
$ sudo apt -y install openjdk-11-jre-headless
Create a dedicated kafka user.
$ sudo adduser --system --home /opt/kafka --shell /bin/bash --uid 809 --group --disabled-login kafka
Create a download directory.
$ sudo -u kafka mkdir /opt/kafka/software
Download software and its ASCII-armored signature.
$ sudo -u kafka wget --quiet --directory-prefix /opt/kafka/software https://downloads.apache.org/kafka/2.8.0/kafka_2.13-2.8.0.tgz
$ sudo -u kafka wget --quiet --directory-prefix /opt/kafka/software https://downloads.apache.org/kafka/2.8.0/kafka_2.13-2.8.0.tgz.asc
Download the public key used to sign this archive.
$ gpg --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-key 87101C7E5C6DB1C98ADBF93B016CCFCA0E2FD561
Verify signature.
$ gpg --verify /opt/kafka/software/kafka_2.13-2.8.0.tgz.asc /opt/kafka/software/kafka_2.13-2.8.0.tgz
gpg: Signature made Wed Apr 14 14:37:43 2021 UTC gpg: using RSA key 87101C7E5C6DB1C98ADBF93B016CCFCA0E2FD561 gpg: issuer "vvcephei@apache.org" gpg: Good signature from "John Roesler (CODE SIGNING KEY) <vvcephei@apache.org>" [unknown] gpg: WARNING: This key is not certified with a trusted signature! gpg: There is no indication that the signature belongs to the owner. Primary key fingerprint: 8710 1C7E 5C6D B1C9 8ADB F93B 016C CFCA 0E2F D56
Create an application directory.
$ sudo -u kafka mkdir /opt/kafka/kafka
Extract application.
$ sudo -u kafka tar --directory /opt/kafka/kafka --strip-components 1 --extract --file /opt/kafka/software/kafka_2.13-2.8.0.tgz
Create Kafka data directory.
$ sudo -u kafka mkdir /opt/kafka/kafka/kafka_data
Create Kafka configuration.
$ sudo -u kafka cat <<EOF | tee /opt/kafka/kafka/config/kraft/server.properties # Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more # contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with # this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership. # The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0 # (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with # the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at # # http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 # # Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software # distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, # WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and # limitations under the License. # # This configuration file is intended for use in KRaft mode, where # Apache ZooKeeper is not present. See config/kraft/README.md for details. # ############################# Server Basics ############################# # The role of this server. Setting this puts us in KRaft mode process.roles=broker,controller # The node id associated with this instance's roles node.id=$(hostname -s | sed "s/.*\([^0-9]\)//g") # The connect string for the controller quorum controller.quorum.voters=1@kafka1.example.org:9093,2@kafka2.example.org:9093,3@kafka3.example.org:9093 ############################# Socket Server Settings ############################# # The address the socket server listens on. It will get the value returned from # java.net.InetAddress.getCanonicalHostName() if not configured. # FORMAT: # listeners = listener_name://host_name:port # EXAMPLE: # listeners = PLAINTEXT://your.host.name:9092 listeners=PLAINTEXT://:9092,CONTROLLER://:9093 inter.broker.listener.name=PLAINTEXT # Hostname and port the broker will advertise to producers and consumers. If not set, # it uses the value for "listeners" if configured. Otherwise, it will use the value # returned from java.net.InetAddress.getCanonicalHostName(). advertised.listeners=PLAINTEXT://$(hostname -f):9092 # Listener, host name, and port for the controller to advertise to the brokers. If # this server is a controller, this listener must be configured. controller.listener.names=CONTROLLER # Maps listener names to security protocols, the default is for them to be the same. See the config documentation for more details listener.security.protocol.map=CONTROLLER:PLAINTEXT,PLAINTEXT:PLAINTEXT,SSL:SSL,SASL_PLAINTEXT:SASL_PLAINTEXT,SASL_SSL:SASL_SSL # The number of threads that the server uses for receiving requests from the network and sending responses to the network num.network.threads=3 # The number of threads that the server uses for processing requests, which may include disk I/O num.io.threads=8 # The send buffer (SO_SNDBUF) used by the socket server socket.send.buffer.bytes=102400 # The receive buffer (SO_RCVBUF) used by the socket server socket.receive.buffer.bytes=102400 # The maximum size of a request that the socket server will accept (protection against OOM) socket.request.max.bytes=104857600 ############################# Log Basics ############################# # A comma separated list of directories under which to store log files log.dirs=/opt/kafka/kafka/kafka_data # The default number of log partitions per topic. More partitions allow greater # parallelism for consumption, but this will also result in more files across # the brokers. num.partitions=1 # The number of threads per data directory to be used for log recovery at startup and flushing at shutdown. # This value is recommended to be increased for installations with data dirs located in RAID array. num.recovery.threads.per.data.dir=1 ############################# Internal Topic Settings ############################# # The replication factor for the group metadata internal topics "__consumer_offsets" and "__transaction_state" # For anything other than development testing, a value greater than 1 is recommended to ensure availability such as 3. offsets.topic.replication.factor=1 transaction.state.log.replication.factor=1 transaction.state.log.min.isr=1 ############################# Log Flush Policy ############################# # Messages are immediately written to the filesystem but by default we only fsync() to sync # the OS cache lazily. The following configurations control the flush of data to disk. # There are a few important trade-offs here: # 1. Durability: Unflushed data may be lost if you are not using replication. # 2. Latency: Very large flush intervals may lead to latency spikes when the flush does occur as there will be a lot of data to flush. # 3. Throughput: The flush is generally the most expensive operation, and a small flush interval may lead to excessive seeks. # The settings below allow one to configure the flush policy to flush data after a period of time or # every N messages (or both). This can be done globally and overridden on a per-topic basis. # The number of messages to accept before forcing a flush of data to disk #log.flush.interval.messages=10000 # The maximum amount of time a message can sit in a log before we force a flush #log.flush.interval.ms=1000 ############################# Log Retention Policy ############################# # The following configurations control the disposal of log segments. The policy can # be set to delete segments after a period of time, or after a given size has accumulated. # A segment will be deleted whenever *either* of these criteria are met. Deletion always happens # from the end of the log. # The minimum age of a log file to be eligible for deletion due to age log.retention.hours=168 # A size-based retention policy for logs. Segments are pruned from the log unless the remaining # segments drop below log.retention.bytes. Functions independently of log.retention.hours. #log.retention.bytes=1073741824 # The maximum size of a log segment file. When this size is reached a new log segment will be created. log.segment.bytes=1073741824 # The interval at which log segments are checked to see if they can be deleted according # to the retention policies log.retention.check.interval.ms=300000 EOF
Format storage using the same Kafka cluster ID on each node.
$ sudo -u kafka /opt/kafka/kafka/bin/kafka-storage.sh format -t YjhlODM3ZWZhYTE5NDU5Nj -c /opt/kafka/kafka/config/kraft/server.properties
Inspect metadata.
$ sudo -u kafka cat /opt/kafka/kafka/kafka_data/meta.properties
# #Sat Jun 19 14:06:49 UTC 2021 node.id=1 version=1 cluster.id=YjhlODM3ZWZhYTE5NDU5Ng
Create Kafka service.
$ cat <<EOF | sudo tee /etc/systemd/system/kafka.service [Unit] Description=kafka Service After=network-online.target Requires=network-online.target [Service] Type=simple Restart=on-failure User=kafka Group=kafka ExecStart=/opt/kafka/kafka/bin/kafka-server-start.sh /opt/kafka/kafka/config/kraft/server.properties ExecStop=/opt/kafka/kafka/bin/kafka-server-stop.sh /opt/kafka/kafka/config/kraft/server.properties WorkingDirectory=/opt/kafka [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target EOF
Reload systemd configuration.
$ sudo systemctl daemon-reload
Start Kafka.
$ sudo systemctl start kafka